2021 ESC Guidelines on cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy

ESC Clinical Practice Guidelines

29 Aug 2021

Pacing is an important part of electrophysiology and of cardiology in general. Whereas some of the situations requiring pacing are clear and have not changed over the years, many others have evolved and have been the subject of extensive recent research, such as pacing after syncope, pacing following transcatheter aortic valve implantation, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) for heart failure (HF) and for prevention of pacing-induced cardiomyopathy, and pacing in various infiltrative and inflammatory diseases of the heart, as well as in different cardiomyopathies.

Other novel topics include new diagnostic tools for decision-making on pacing, as well as a whole new area of pacing the His bundle and the left bundle branch. In addition, attention has increased in other areas, such as how to systematically minimize procedural risk and avoid complications of cardiac pacing, how to manage patients with pacemakers in special situations, such as when magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or irradiation are needed, how to follow patients with a pacemaker with emphasis on the use of remote monitoring, and how to include shared decision-making in caring for this patient population.

Guidelines and related materials are for use by individuals for personal or educational purposes. No commercial use is allowed. Re-use permission must be correctly obtained from the publisher.

Topic(s):

Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)

Chronic Heart Failure

Arrhythmias and Device Therapy

Endorsed by cardiac societies

Austrian Society of Cardiology , Belgian Society of Cardiology , Bulgarian Society of Cardiology , Croatian Cardiac Society , Czech Society of Cardiology , Estonian Society of Cardiology , German Cardiac Society , Hungarian Society of Cardiology , Italian Federation of Cardiology , Israel Heart Society , The National Society of Cardiology of North Macedonia , Polish Cardiac Society , Portuguese Society of Cardiology , Romanian Society of Cardiology , Russian Society of Cardiology* , San Marino Society of Cardiology , Cardiology Society of Serbia , Slovak Society of Cardiology , Spanish Society of Cardiology , Tunisian Society of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery , Turkish Society of Cardiology

Main resources

: Full text and related materials

Full text
https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehab364

Corrigendum (Published on 16 February 2022)

https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehac075

Declarations of interest