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Recommended Reading on Echocardiography

European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI)

Echocardiography

A list of key references focused on Echocardiography.

Clinical Application of Echocardiography

Authoritative Textbooks

eacvi textbook of Echo 2nd edition.jpg
EACVI ECHO Handbook Capture.JPGThe EACVI Textbook of Echocardiography - Second Edition
The EACVI Echo Handbook

Contrast Echocardiography

  • Senior R, Becher H, Monaghan MJ, Agati L, Zamorano J, Vanoverschelde JL & Nihoyannopoulos P. Contrast echocardiography: evidence-based recommendations by European Association of Echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr 2009; 10 (2); 194- 212
  • Mulvagh SL, Rakowski H, Vannan MA, Abdelmoneim SS, Becher H, Bierig SM, Burns PN, Castello R, Coon PD, Hagen ME, Jollis JG, Kimball TR, Kitzman DW, Kronzon I, Labovitz AJ, Lang RM, Mathew J, Moir WS, Nagueh SF, Pearlman AS, Perez JE, Porter TR, Rosenbloom J, Strachan GM, Thanigaraj S, Wei K, Woo A, Yu EH, Zoghbi WA. American Society of Echocardiography Consensus Statement on the Clinical Applications of Ultrasonic Contrast Agents in Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2008; 21(11); 1179-201
  • Porter TR, Abdelmoneim S, Belcik JT, McCulloch ML, Mulvagh SL, Olson JJ, Porcelli C, Tsutsui JM, Wei K. Guidelines for the cardiac sonographer in the performance of contrast echocardiography: a focused update from the American Society of Echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2014 Aug;27(8):797-810
  • Gupta SK, Shetkar SS, Ramakrishnan S, Kothari SS. Saline Contrast Echocardiography in the Era of Multimodality Imaging--Importance of "Bubbling It  Right". Echocardiography. 2015 Nov;32(11):1707-19.
  • Porter TR, Xie F. Contrast echocardiography: latest developments and clinical utility. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2015 Mar;17(3):569.
  • Shah BN, Chahal NS, Bhattacharyya S, Li W, Roussin I, Khattar RS, Senior R. The feasibility and clinical utility of myocardial contrast echocardiography in clinical practice: results from the incorporation of myocardial perfusion assessment into clinical testing with stress echocardiography study. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2014 May;27(5):520-30.
  • Gibson PH, Becher H, Choy JB. The current state of myocardial contrast echocardiography: what can we read between the lines? Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014 Mar;15(3):351.
  • Fenster BE, Curran-Everett D, Freeman AM, Weinberger HD, Kern Buckner J, Carroll JD. Saline contrast echocardiography for the detection of patent foramen ovale in hypoxia: a validation study using intracardiac echocardiography. Echocardiography. 2014 Apr;31(4):420-7.
  • Thomas JD. Myocardial contrast echocardiography perfusion imaging: still waiting after all these years. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Oct 8;62(15):1362-4.
  • Gaibazzi N, Reverberi C, Lorenzoni V, Molinaro S, Porter TR. Prognostic value of high-dose dipyridamole stress myocardial contrast perfusion echocardiography.  Circulation. 2012 Sep 4;126(10):1217-24
  • Senior R, Shah BN. Myocardial contrast echocardiography for simultaneous assessment of function and perfusion in real time: a technique comes of age. Circulation. 2012 Sep 4;126(10):1182-4.
  • Weiss RJ, Ahmad M, Villanueva F, Schmitz S, Bhat G, Hibberd MG, Main ML; CaRES Investigators. CaRES (Contrast Echocardiography Registry for Safety Surveillance): a prospective multicenter study to evaluate the safety of the ultrasound contrast agent definity in clinical practice. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2012 Jul;25(7):790-5.
  • Dolan MS, Gala SS, Dodla S, Abdelmoneim SS, Xie F, Cloutier D, Bierig M, Mulvagh SL, Porter TR, Labovitz AJ. Safety and Efficacy of Commercially Available Ultrasound Contrast Agents for Rest and Stress Echocardiography: A Multicenter Experience. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2009;53:32-38.
  • Wei K, Mulvagh SL, Carson L, Davidoff R, Gabriel R, Grimm RA, Wilson S, Fane L, Herzog CA, Zoghbi WA, Taylor R, Farrar M, Chaudhry FA, Porter TR, Irani W, Lang RM. The safety of deFinity and Optison for ultrasound image enhancement: a retrospective analysis of 78,383 administered contrast doses. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2008 Nov;21(11):1202-6.
  • Kaul S. Myocardial contrast echocardiography: a 25-year retrospective. Circulation. 2008 Jul 15;118(3):291-308
  • Prognostic value of myocardial viability detected by myocardial contrast echocardiography early after acute myocardial infarction. Dwivedi G, Janardhanan R, Hayat SA, Swinburn JM, Senior R, FESC. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Jul 24;50(4):327-34
  • Rakhit DJ, Becher H, Monaghan M, Nihoyannopoulos P, Senior R. The clinical applications of myocardial contrast echocardiography. Eur J Echocardiogr 2007;8(3):S24-9
  • FDA. The United States Food and Drug Administration Center for Drug Evaluation and Research alert for healthcare providers. http://www.fda.gov/default.htm
  • Main ML, Goldman JH, FESC, Grayburn PA. Thinking outside the "box" the ultrasound contrast controversy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Dec 18;50(25):2434-7
  • Bioeffects of ultrasound contrast agents in daily clinical practice: fact or fiction? Van Camp G, FESC, Droogmans S, Cosyns B. Eur Heart J. 2007 May;28(10):1236-41.
  • European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging/Cardiovascular Imaging Department of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology recommendations for the use of cardiac imaging to assess and follow patients after heart transplantation. Badano LP, Miglioranza MH, Edvardsen T, Colafranceschi AS, Muraru D, Bacal F, Nieman K, Zoppellaro G, Marcondes Braga FG, Binder T, Habib G, Lancellotti P; Document reviewers. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Sep;16(9):919-48
  • Follow-up of heart transplant recipients with serial echocardiographic coronary flow reserve and dobutamine stress echocardiography to detect cardiac allograft vasculopathy.Sade LE, Eroğlu S, Yüce D, Bircan A, Pirat B, Sezgin A, Aydınalp A, Müderrisoğlu H. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2014 May;27(5):531-9.
  • The Burden of Early Phenotypes and the Influence of Wall Thickness in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Mutation Carriers: Findings From the HCMNet Study.Ho CY(1), Day SM(2), Colan SD(3), Russell MW(4), Towbin JA(5), Sherrid MV(6), Canter CE(7), Jefferies JL(5), Murphy AM(8), Cirino AL(1), Abraham TP(9), Taylor M(10), Mestroni L(10), Bluemke DA(11), Jarolim P(12), Shi L(13), Sleeper LA(14), Seidman CE(15), Orav EJ(16); HCMNet Investigators. JAMA Cardiol. 2017 Feb 22. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2016.5670.

Stress Echocardiography

  • Stress Echocardiography Expert Consensus Statement--Executive Summary: European Association of Echocardiography (EAE) (a registered branch of the ESC). Sicari R, Nihoyannopoulos P, Evangelista A, Kasprzak J, Lancellotti P, Poldermans D, Voigt JU, Zamorano JL. Eur Heart J 2009; 30:278-89
  • American Society of Echocardiography Recommendations for Performance, Interpretation, and Application of Stress Echocardiography. Pellikka PA, Nagueh SF, Elhendy AA, Kuehl CA, Sawada SG. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2015, 20:1021–1041.
  • ACCF/ASE/ACEP/AHA/ASNC/SCAI/SCCT/SCMR 2008 appropriateness criteria for stress echocardiography: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriateness Criteria Task Force, American Society of Echocardiography, American College of Emergency Physicians, American Heart Association, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, and Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society and the Society of Critical Care Medicine.
  • Douglas PS, Khandheria B, Stainback RF, Weissman NJ, Peterson ED, Hendel RC, Stainback RF, Blaivas M, Des Prez RD, Gillam LD, Golash T, Hiratzka LF, Kussmaul WG, Labovitz AJ, Lindenfeld J, Masoudi FA, Mayo PH, Porembka D, Spertus JA, Wann LS, Wiegers SE, Brindis RG, Douglas PS, Patel MR, Wolk MJ, Allen JM. Circulation 2008; 117:1478-97
  • Stress echocardiography from 1979 to present. Armstrong WF, Ryan T. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2008; 21:22-8
  • The additive prognostic value of wall motion abnormalities and coronary flow reserve during dipyridamole stress echo. Rigo F, Sicari R, Gherardi S, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Cortigiani L, Picano E. Eur Heart J 2008; 29:79-88
  • The emerging role of exercise testing and stress echocardiography in valvular heart disease. Picano E, Pibarot P, Lancellotti P, Monin JL, Bonow RO. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009; 54:2251-60
  • Stress echo applications beyond coronary artery disease. Picano E, Pellikka PA. Eur Heart J. 2014 Apr;35(16):1033-40.
  • Exercise testing in asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis. Magne J, Lancellotti P, Piérard LA. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014 Feb;7(2):188-99.
  • Stress Echocardiography in Regurgitant Valve Disease. Lancellotti P, Magne J. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging  2013, 6 (5 ):840–849.
  • Clinical significance of exercise pulmonary hypertension in secondary mitral regurgitation. Lancellotti P, Magne J, Dulgheru R, Ancion A, Martinez C, Piérard LA. Am J Cardiol 2015, 115:1454–1461.
  • Stress echocardiography to assess stenosis severity and predict outcome in patients with paradoxical low-flow, low-gradient aortic stenosis and preserved LVEF. Clavel MA, Ennezat PV, Maréchaux S, Dumesnil JG, Capoulade R, Hachicha Z, Mathieu P, Bellouin A, Bergeron S, Meimoun P, Arsenault M, Le Tourneau T, Pasquet A, Couture C, Pibarot P. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013 Feb;6(2):175-83.
  • Exercise Stress Echocardiography of the Pulmonary Circulation: Limits of Normal and Sex Differences. Argiento P, Vanderpool RR, Mulè M, Russo MG, D’Alto M, Bossone E, Chesler NC, Naeije R. Chest 2012, 142:1158–1165.
  • Stress Doppler Echocardiography in relatives of patients with idiopathic and familial pulmonary arterial hypertension results of a multicenter European analysis of pulmonary artery pressure response to exercise and hypoxia. Gruenig E, Weissmann S, Ehlken N, Fijalkowska A, Fischer C, Fourme T, Gali?? N, Ghofrani A, Harrison RE, Huez S, Humbert M, Janssen B, Kober J, Koehler R, Machado RD, Mereles D, Naeije R, Olschewski H, Provencher S, Reichenberger F, Retailleau K, Rocchi G, Simonneau G, Torbicki A, Trembath R, Seeger W. Circulation 2009, 119:1747–1757.
  • Quantitation of the diastolic stress test: filling pressure vs. diastolic reserve. Gibby C, Wiktor DM, Burgess M, Kusunose K, Marwick TH. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013 Mar;14(3):223-7.
  • The importance of myocardial contractile reserve in predicting response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. Kloosterman M, Damman K, Van Veldhuisen DJ, Rienstra M, Maass AH. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017 Feb 24. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.768
  • Stress echo 2020: the international stress echo study in ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease.Picano E, Ciampi Q, Citro R, D'Andrea A, Scali MC, Cortigiani L, Olivotto I, Mori F, Galderisi M, Costantino MF, Pratali L, Di Salvo G, Bossone E, Ferrara F, Gargani L, Rigo F, Gaibazzi N, Limongelli G, Pacileo G, Andreassi MG, Pinamonti B, Massa L, Torres MA, Miglioranza MH, Daros CB, de Castro E Silva Pretto JL, Beleslin B, Djordjevic-Dikic A, Varga A, Palinkas A, Agoston G, Gregori D, Trambaiolo P, Severino S, Arystan A, Paterni M, Carpeggiani C, Colonna P. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2017 Jan 18;15(1):3.
  • Prognostic Value of Myocardial Perfusion Analysis in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis.Xiu J, Cui K, Wang Y, Zheng H, Chen G, Feng Q, Bin J, Wu J, Porter TR. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2016 Dec 31. pii: S0894-7317(16)30678-2. doi: 10.1016/j.echo.2016.11.015
  • Role of Diastolic Stress Testing in the Evaluation for Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Simultaneous Invasive-Echocardiographic Study. Obokata M, Kane GC, Reddy YN, Olson TP, Melenovsky V, Borlaug BA. Circulation. 2017 Feb 28;135(9):825-838. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024822.
  • Stress echocardiography: no more challenges! Sicari R.Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Dec 25. pii: jew225. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jew225
  • Prognostic usefulness of contemporary stress echocardiography in patients with left bundle branch block and impact of contrast use in improving prediction of outcome. Vamvakidou A, Karogiannis N, Tzalamouras V, Parsons G, Young G, Gurunathan S, Senior R. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Dec 24. pii: jew211. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jew211
  • The clinical use of stress echocardiography in non-ischaemic heart disease: recommendations from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography. Lancellotti P, Pellikka PA, Budts W, Chaudhry FA, Donal E, Dulgheru R, Edvardsen T, Garbi M, Ha JW, Kane GC, Kreeger J, Mertens L, Pibarot P, Picano E, Ryan T, Tsutsui JM, Varga A. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Nov;17(11):1191-1229.

Specific textbooks

Picano E. Stress Echocardiography, 6th ed. New York: Springer; 2016.

Deformation imaging (encompassing twist and torsion)

  • A Test in Context: Myocardial Strain Measured by Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography. Collier P, Phelan D, Klein A. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Feb 28;69(8):1043-1056. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.12.012. Review.
  • Assessment of global longitudinal strain at low-dose anthracycline-based chemotherapy, for the prediction of subsequent cardiotoxicity. Charbonnel C, Convers-Domart R, Rigaudeau S, Taksin AL, Baron N, Lambert J, Ghez S, Georges JL, Farhat H, Lambert J, Rousselot P, Livarek B. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017 Jan 6. pii: jew223. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jew223.
  • Clinical significance of septal deformation patterns in heart failure patients receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy. Menet A, Bernard A, Tribouilloy C, Leclercq C, Gevaert C, Guyomar Y, Guerbaai RA, Delelis F, Castel AL, Graux P, Ennezat PV, Donal E, Maréchaux S. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Dec 29. pii: jew289. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jew289
  • Longitudinal systolic strain, cardiac function improvement, and survival following treatment of light-chain (AL) cardiac amyloidosis. Salinaro F, Meier-Ewert HK, Miller EJ, Pandey S, Sanchorawala V, Berk JL, Seldin DC, Ruberg FL. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Dec 12. pii: jew298. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jew298
  • Two-dimensional strain echocardiography for diagnosing chest pain in the emergency room: a multicentre prospective study by the Israeli echo research group. Shiran A, Blondheim DS, Shimoni S, Jabarren M, Rosenmann D, Sagie A, Leibowitz D, Leitman M, Feinberg M, Beeri R, Adawi S, Shotan A, Goland S, Bloch L, Kobal SL, Liel-Cohen N.  Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Aug 26. pii: jew168.
  • Intervendor consistency and reproducibility of left ventricular 2D global and regional strain with two different high-end ultrasound systems. Shiino K, Yamada A, Ischenko M, Khandheria BK, Hudaverdi M, Speranza V, Harten M, Benjamin A, Hamilton-Craig CR, Platts DG, Burstow DJ, Scalia GM, Chan J. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Jun 20. pii: jew120.
  • Left ventricular mechanics assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: comparison of high-resolution speckle tracking and feature tracking. Aurich M, Keller M, Greiner S, Steen H, Aus dem Siepen F, Riffel J, Katus HA, Buss SJ, Mereles D. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Dec;17(12):1370-1378.
  • Wasted septal work in left ventricular dyssynchrony: a novel principle to predict response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. Vecera J, Penicka M, Eriksen M, Russell K, Bartunek J, Vanderheyden M, Smiseth OA. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Jun;17(6):624-32
  • Normal range and usefulness of right ventricular systolic strain to detect subtle right ventricular systolic abnormalities in patients with heart failure: a multicentre study.  Morris DA, Krisper M, Nakatani S, Köhncke C, Otsuji Y, Belyavskiy E, Radha Krishnan AK, Kropf M, Osmanoglou E, Boldt LH, Blaschke F, Edelmann F, Haverkamp W, Tschöpe C, Pieske-Kraigher E, Pieske B, Takeuchi M. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017 Feb;18(2):212-223.
  • Strain echocardiography is related to fibrosis and ventricular arrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Haland TF, Almaas VM, Hasselberg NE, Saberniak J, Leren IS, Hopp E, Edvardsen T, Haugaa KH. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Jun;17(6):613-21.
  • Prognostic value of left atrial reservoir function in patients with severe aortic stenosis: a 2D speckle-tracking echocardiographic study. Galli E, Fournet M, Chabanne C, Lelong B, Leguerrier A, Flecher E, Mabo P, Donal E. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 May;17(5):533-41
  • Direct comparison of cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking and 2D/3D echocardiography speckle tracking for evaluation of global left ventricular strain. Obokata M, Nagata Y, Wu VC, Kado Y, Kurabayashi M, Otsuji Y, Takeuchi M.  Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 May;17(5):525-32.
  • Polar plot maps by parametric strain echocardiography allow accurate evaluation of non-viable transmural scar tissue in ischaemic heart disease. Mele D, Fiorencis A, Chiodi E, Gardini C, Benea G, Ferrari R. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Jun;17(6):668-77
  • Strain echocardiographic assessment of left atrial function predicts recurrence of atrial fibrillation. Sarvari SI, Haugaa KH, Stokke TM, Ansari HZ, Leren IS, Hegbom F, Smiseth OA, Edvardsen T. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Jun;17(6):660-7.
  • Left ventricular markers of mortality and ventricular arrhythmias in heart failure patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy. Hasselberg NE, Haugaa KH, Bernard A, Ribe MP, Kongsgaard E, Donal E, Edvardsen T.  Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Mar;17(3):343-50.
  • Left ventricular dyssynergy and dispersion as determinant factors of fatal ventricular arrhythmias in patients with mildly reduced ejection fraction. Matsuzoe H, Tanaka H, Matsumoto K, Toki H, Shimoura H, Ooka J, Sano H, Sawa T, Motoji Y, Mochizuki Y, Ryo K, Fukuzawa K, Yoshida A, Hirata K. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Mar;17(3):334-42.
  • European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging/Cardiovascular Imaging Department of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology recommendations for the use of cardiac imaging to assess and follow patients after heart transplantation. Badano LP, Miglioranza MH, Edvardsen T, Colafranceschi AS, Muraru D, Bacal F, Nieman K, Zoppellaro G, Marcondes Braga FG, Binder T, Habib G, Lancellotti P. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Sep;16(9):919-48.
  • Definitions for a common standard for 2D speckle tracking echocardiography: consensus document of the EACVI/ASE/Industry Task Force to standardise deformation imaging. Voigt JU, Pedrizzetti G, Lysyansky P, Marwick TH, Houle H, Baumann R, Pedri S, Ito Y, Abe Y, Metz S, Song JH, Hamilton J, Sengupta PP, Kolias TJ, d'Hooge J, Aurigemma GP, Thomas JD, Badano LP. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Jan;16(1):1-11.

Real-time three-dimensional Echocardiography

  •  Lang RM, Badano LP, Tsang W, Adams DH, Agricola E, Buck Th, et al. Image Acquisition and Display Using Three-Dimensional Echocardiography: EAE/ASE Recommendations. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2012; 13: 1–46.
  • Badano LP, Boccalini F, Muraru D, Dal Bianco L, Peluso D, Bellu R, et al. Current clinical applications of transthoracic three-dimensional echocardiography. J Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2012;20:1-22
  • Buck T, Plicht B. Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Assessment of  Severity of Mitral Regurgitation Using Proximal Isovelocity Surface Area and Vena Contracta Area Method. Lessons We Learned and Clinical Implications. Curr Cardiovasc Imaging Rep. 2015;8(10):38.
  • Muraru D, Cucchini U, Mihăilă S, Miglioranza MH, Aruta P, Cavalli G, Cecchetto A, Padayattil-Josè S, Peluso D, Iliceto S, Badano LP. Left ventricular myocardial strain by three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography in healthy subjects: reference values and analysis of their physiologic and technical determinants. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2014 Aug;27(8):858-871.
  • Maffessanti F, Muraru D, Esposito R, Gripari P, Ermacora D, Santoro C, Tamborini G, Galderisi M, Pepi M, Badano LP. Age-, body size-, and sex-specific reference values for right ventricular volumes and ejection fraction by three-dimensional echocardiography: a multicenter echocardiographic study in 507  healthy volunteers. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013 Sep;6(5):700-10. 
  • Faletra FF, Ramamurthi A, Dequarti MC, Leo LA, Moccetti T, Pandian N. Artifacts in three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2014 May;27(5):453-62.
  • Tricuspid regurgitation repair with a MitraClip device: the pivotal role of 3D transoesophageal echocardiography. Avenatti E, Barker CM, Little SH. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017 Jan 8. pii: jew311. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jew311
  • 3D printing of normal and pathologic tricuspid valves from transthoracic 3D echocardiography data sets. Muraru D, Veronesi F, Maddalozzo A, Dequal D, Frajhof L, Rabischoffsky A, Iliceto S, Badano LP. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Dec 26. pii: jew215. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jew215.
  • Incremental value of 3D over 2D echocardiography in a patient with multiple ICD leads in the right ventricle. Larsen CM, Padang R, Joyce LD, Chandrasekaran K, Malouf JF.  Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017 Feb;18(2):152. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jew221.
  • Three-dimensional echocardiography in congenital heart disease: an expert consensus document from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of echocardiography. Simpson J, Lopez L, Acar P, Friedberg M, Khoo N, Ko H, Marek J, Marx G, McGhie J, Meijboom F, Roberson D, Van den Bosch A, Miller O, Shirali G. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Oct;17(10):1071-97.
  • Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography of the aortic valve and root: changes in aortic root dilation and aortic regurgitation. Regeer MV, Kamperidis V, Versteegh MI, Schalij MJ, Marsan NA, Bax JJ, Delgado V. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Sep 13. pii: jew191.
  • Recommendations for the imaging assessment of prosthetic heart valves: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging endorsed by the Chinese Society of Echocardiography, the Inter-American Society of Echocardiography, and the Brazilian Department of Cardiovascular Imaging.  Lancellotti P, Pibarot P, Chambers J, Edvardsen T, Delgado V, Dulgheru R, Pepi M, Cosyns B, Dweck MR, Garbi M, Magne J, Nieman K, Rosenhek R, Bernard A, Lowenstein J, Vieira ML, Rabischoffsky A, Vyhmeister RH, Zhou X, Zhang Y, Zamorano JL, Habib G. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Jun;17(6):589-90. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jew025. Review.

Specific textbooks

  • Badano LP, Lang RM, Zamorano JL. Textbook of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. London, Springer, 2011: 9-24
  • Lang RM, Shernan SK, Shirali G, Mor-Avi V. Comprehensive Atlas of 3D echocardiography. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams&Wilkins, 2012: 1-12
  • Mor-Avi V, Yodwut C, Jenkins C, et al. Real-time 3D echocardiographic quantification of left atrial volume: multicenter study for validation with CMR. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2012; 5:769-77

Transesophageal Echocardiography

Valvular Heart Diseases

Echo and dyssynchrony

Setting up the echo lab

 

Atrial assessment

Specific textbooks

  • J. T. Bushberg Jerrold, A. Seibert, E. M. Leidholdt Jr., J. M. Boone. The essential physics of medical imaging. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 3rd edition.

Dimensions, volumes and mass

  • Recommendations for Cardiac Chamber Quantification by Echocardiography in Adults: An Update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Roberto M. Lang, Luigi P. Badano, Victor Mor-Avi Jonathan Afilalo, Anderson Armstrong, Laura Ernande, Frank A. Flachskampf, Elyse Foster, Steven A.Goldstein, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Patrizio Lancellotti, Denisa Muraru, Michael H. Picard, Ernst R. Rietzschel, Lawrence Rudski, Kirk T. Spencer, Wendy Tsang and Jens-Uwe Voigt. European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Imaging (2015) 16, 233–271.
  • Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiographic normal reference ranges for proximal aorta dimensions: results from the EACVI NORRE study. Daniel Saura, Raluca Dulgheru, Luis Caballero, Anne Bernard, Seisyou Kou, Natalia Gonjilashvili, George D. Athanassopoulos, Daniele Barone, Monica Baroni, Nuno Cardim, Andreas Hagendorff, Krasimira Hristova, Teresa Lopez, Gonzalo de la Morena, Bogdan A. Popescu, Martin Penicka, Tolga Ozyigit, Jose David Rodrigo Carbonero, Nico Van De Veire, Ralph Stephan Von Bardeleben, Dragos Vinereanu, Jose Luis Zamorano, Ann-Stephan Gori, Bernard Cosyns, Erwan Donal, Gilbert Habib, Karima Addetia, Roberto M. Lang, Luigi P. Badano, and Patrizio Lancellotti. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Apr 3. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Echocardiographic reference ranges for normal cardiac chamber size: results from the NORRE study. Seisyou Kou, Luis Caballero, Raluca Dulgheru, Damien Voilliot, Carla De Sousa, George Kacharava, George D. Athanassopoulos, Daniele Barone, Monica Baroni, Nuno Cardim, Jose Juan Gomez De Diego, Andreas Hagendorff, Christine Henri, Krasimira Hristova, Teresa Lopez, Julien Magne, Gonzalo De La Morena, Bogdan A. Popescu, Martin Penicka, Tolga Ozyigit, Jose David Rodrigo Carbonero, Alessandro Salustri, Nico Van De Veire, Ralph Stephan Von Bardeleben, Dragos Vinereanu, Jens-Uwe Voigt, Jose Luis Zamorano, Erwan Donal, Roberto M. Lang, Luigi P. Badano, Patrizio Lancellotti. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2014) 15 (6): 680-690
  • Normal Values and Differences in Ascending Aortic Diameter in a Healthy Population of Adults as Measured by the Pediatric versus Adult American Society of Echocardiography Guidelines. Eduardo Bossone, Eugene Yuriditsky, Sameer Desale, Francesco Ferrara, Olga Vriz, Federico M. Asch. JASE 2016; 29 (2):166–172.
  • Gonçalves A, Hung CL, Claggett B, Nochioka K, Cheng S, Kitzman DW, Shah AM, Solomon SD. Left Atrial Structure and Function Across the Spectrum of Cardiovascular Risk in the Elderly: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Feb;9(2):e004010.
  • A meta-analysis of echocardiographic measurements of the left heart for the development of normative reference ranges in a large international cohort: the EchoNoRMAL study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2014) 15 (3): 341-348
  • Effects of Aging and Body Size on Proximal and Ascending Aorta and Aortic Arch: Inner Edge–to–Inner Edge Reference Values in a Large Adult Population by Two-Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiography. Oana Mirea, Francesco Maffessanti, Paola Gripari, Gloria Tamborini, Manuela Muratori, Laura Fusini, Cefalù Claudia, Cesare Fiorentini, Iancu Emil Plesea, Mauro Pepi. JASE 2013; 26 (4):419–427
  • Three-dimensional echocardiographic quantification of the left-heart chambers using an automated adaptive analytics algorithm: multi centre validation study. Medvedofsky D, Mor-Avi V, Amzulescu M, Fernández-Golfín C, Hinojar R, Monaghan MJ, Otani K, Reiken J, Takeuchi M, Tsang W, Vanoverschelde JL, Indrajith M, Weinert L, Zamorano JL, Lang RM. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017 Feb 4. doi: 10.1093/ehjci/jew328.
  • Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiographic normal reference ranges for proximal aorta dimensions: results from the EACVI NORRE study. Saura D, Dulgheru R, Caballero L, Bernard A, Kou S, Gonjilashvili N, Athanassopoulos GD, Barone D, Baroni M, Cardim N, Hagendorff A, Hristova K, Lopez T, de la Morena G, Popescu BA, Penicka M, Ozyigit T, Rodrigo Carbonero JD, Van De Veire N, Von Bardeleben RS, Vinereanu D, Zamorano JL, Gori AS, Cosyns B, Donal E, Habib G, Addetia K, Lang RM, Badano LP, Lancellotti P. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2017 Feb;18(2):167-179.
  • Echocardiographic reference ranges for normal cardiac Doppler data: results from the NORRE Study. Caballero L, Kou S, Dulgheru R, Gonjilashvili N, Athanassopoulos GD, Barone D, Baroni M, Cardim N, Gomez de Diego JJ, Oliva MJ, Hagendorff A, Hristova K, Lopez T, Magne J, Martinez C, de la Morena G, Popescu BA, Penicka M, Ozyigit T, Rodrigo Carbonero JD, Salustri A, Van De Veire N, Von Bardeleben RS, Vinereanu D, Voigt JU, Zamorano JL, Bernard A, Donal E, Lang RM, Badano LP, Lancellotti P. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Sep;16(9):1031-41.
  • Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Lang RM, Badano LP, Mor-Avi V, Afilalo J, Armstrong A, Ernande L, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Goldstein SA, Kuznetsova T, Lancellotti P, Muraru D, Picard MH, Rietzschel ER, Rudski L, Spencer KT, Tsang W, Voigt JU. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Mar;16(3):233-70
  • Echocardiographic reference ranges for normal cardiac chamber size: results from the NORRE study. Kou S, Caballero L, Dulgheru R, Voilliot D, De Sousa C, Kacharava G, Athanassopoulos GD, Barone D, Baroni M, Cardim N, Gomez De Diego JJ, Hagendorff A, Henri C, Hristova K, Lopez T, Magne J, De La Morena G, Popescu BA, Penicka M, Ozyigit T, Rodrigo Carbonero JD, Salustri A, Van De Veire N, Von Bardeleben RS, Vinereanu D, Voigt JU, Zamorano JL, Donal E, Lang RM, Badano LP, Lancellotti P. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014 Jun;15(6):680-90.

Doppler derived non-invasive haemodynamics and recommendations on specific diseases

Systolic function and cardiac mechanics

  • Current Evolving Echocardiographic techniques for the quantitative evaluation of cardiac Mechanics: ASE/EAE consensus statement on methodology and indications endorsed by the Japanese Society of Echocardiography: EAE Position papers. Victor Mor-Avi, Roberto M. Lang, Luigi P. Badano, Marek Belohlavek, Nuno Miguel Cardim, Genevieve Derumeaux, Maurizio Galderisi, Thomas Marwick, Sherif F. Nagueh, Partho P. Sengupta, Rosa Sicari, Otto A. Smiseth, Beverly Smulevitz, Masaaki Takeuchi, James D. Thomas, Mani Vannan, Jens-Uwe Voigt, Jose Luis Zamorano. EJE (2011) 12, 167–205
  • Normal reference values of left ventricular strain using three-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography: results from a multicentre study.  Sebastiaan A. Kleijn, Natesa G. Pandian, James D. Thomas, Leopoldo Perez de Isla, Otto Kamp, Michel Zuber, Petros Nihoyannopoulos, Tamas Forster, Hans-Joachim Nesser, Annette Geibel, Willem Gorissen, Jose L. Zamorano  Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2015) 16 (4):  410-416
  • Definitions for a common standard for 2D speckle tracking echocardiography: a consensus document of the EACVI/ASE/Industry Task Force to standardise deformation imaging. Jens-Uwe Voigt, Gianni Pedrizzetti, Peter Lysyansky, Tom H. Marwick, Helen Houle, Rolf Baumann, Stefano Pedri, Yasuhiro Ito, Yasuhiko Abe, Stephen Metz, Joo Hyun Song, Jamie Hamilton, Partho P. Sengupta, Theodore J. Kolias, Jan d'Hooge, Gerard P. Aurigemma, James D. Thomas, Luigi Paolo Badano . Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2015) 16 (1):  1-11
  • New echocardiographic techniques for evaluation of left atrial mechanics. Maria Chiara Todaro, Indrajit Choudhuri, Marek Belohlavek, Arshad Jahangir, Scipione Carerj, Lilia Oreto, Bijoy K. Khandheria. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2012) 13 (12): 973-984
  • Head-to-Head Comparison of Global Longitudinal Strain Measurements among Nine Different Vendors: The EACVI/ASE Inter-Vendor Comparison Study. Konstantinos E. Farsalinos, Ana M. Daraban, Serkan Ünlü, James D. Thomas, Luigi P. Badano, Jens-Uwe Voigt. JASE 2015; 28 (10):1171–1181.e2
  • Normal rotational, torsion and untwisting data in children, adolescents and young adults. Takahashi K, Al Naami G, Thompson R, Inage A, Mackie AS, Smallhorn JF. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010 Mar;23(3):286-93.
  • Twist mechanics of the left ventricle: principles and application. Sengupta PP, Tajik AJ, Chandrasekaran K, Khandheria BK. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2008 May;1(3):366-76.
  • Echocardiography for cardiac resynchronization therapy: recommendations for performance and reporting: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography Dyssynchrony Writing Group endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Gorcsan J 3rd, Abraham T, Agler DA et al. JASE  2008; 21:191-21
  • Results of the Predictors of Response to CRT (PROSPECT) trial. Chung ES, Leon AR, Tavazzi L, Sun JP, Nihoyannopoulos P, Merlino J, Abraham WT, Ghio S, Leclercq C, Bax JJ, Yu CM, Gorcsan J 3rd, St John Sutton M, De Sutter J, Murillo J. Circulation. 2008 May 20;117(20):2608-16.

Diastolic Function

  • Recommendations for the Evaluation of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function by Echocardiography: An Update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Sherif F. Nagueh, Otto A. Smiseth, Christopher P. Appleton, Benjamin F. Byrd III, Hisham Dokainish, Thor Edvardsen, Frank A. Flachskampf, Thierry C. Gillebert, Allan L. Klein, Patrizio Lancellotti, Paolo Marino, Jae K. Oh, Bogdan Alexandru Popescu, Alan D. Waggoner. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2016 Jul 15. pii: jew082. [Epub ahead of print]
  • Evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function by echocardiography: EAE/ASE Recommendations. Nagueh SF, Appleton CP, Gillebert TC, FESC, Marino PN, FESC, Oh JK, Smiseth OA, FESC, Waggoner AD, Flachskampf FA, FESC, Pellikka PA, Evangelista A. EJE (2009) 10(2):165-193
  • Cardiac Imaging to Evaluate Left Ventricular Diastolic Function. Flachskampf FA, Biering-Sørensen T, Solomon SD, Duvernoy O, Bjerner T, Smiseth OA. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Sep;8(9):1071-93.
  • Grading diastolic function by echocardiography: hemodynamic validation of existing guidelines. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. Grant AD, Negishi K, Negishi T, Collier P, Kapadia SR, Thomas JD, Marwick TH,  Griffin BP, Popović ZB. 2015 Jun 24;13:28. doi: 10.1186/s12947-015-0023-6.
  • Longitudinal changes in left ventricular diastolic function in a general population. Kuznetsova T, Thijs L, Knez J, Cauwenberghs N, Petit T, Gu YM, Zhang Z, Staessen JA. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Apr;8(4).
  • Echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function: an update. Maragiannis D, Nagueh SF. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2015 Feb;17(2):3.
  • Patterns of left ventricular diastolic function in Olympic athletes. Caselli S, Di Paolo FM, Pisicchio C, Pandian NG, Pelliccia A. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2015 Feb;28(2):236-44.
  • Prognostic power of mitral annulus indices of left ventricular diastolic function. Nagueh SF. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014 Jun 3;3(3):e001012
  • Working Group Nucleus on Echocardiography of the Italian Society of Cardiology. Association of left ventricular longitudinal and circumferential systolic dysfunction with diastolic function in hypertension: a nonlinear analysis focused on the interplay with left ventricular geometry. Ballo P, Nistri S, Cameli M, Papesso B, Dini FL, Galderisi M, Zuppiroli A, Mondillo S. J Card Fail. 2014 Feb;20(2):110-20.
  • Left ventricular diastolic function and long-term outcomes in patients with normal exercise echocardiographic findings. Gharacholou SM, Scott CG, Takahashi PY, Nkomo VT, McCully RB, Fine NM, Pellikka PA. Am J Cardiol. 2013 Jul  15;112(2):200-7.
  • Effect of age and sex on echocardiographic left ventricular diastolic function parameters in patients with preserved ejection fraction and normal valvular function. Carvalho JC, Farand P, Do HD, Brochu MC, Bonenfant F, Lepage S. Cardiol J. 2013;20(5):513-8.
  • Diastolic function: a sonographer's approach to the essential echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular diastolic function. Gilman G, Nelson TA, Hansen WH, Kandheria BK, Ommen SR. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2007; 20:199-209

Coronary Heart Disease

  • Current international guidelines for the investigation of patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Ozan Mehmet Demir, Khaled Alfakih, Sven Plein. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2014) 15 (12): 1422-1424.
  • Usefulness of Two-Dimensional Longitudinal Strain Pattern to Predict Left Ventricular Recovery and In-Hospital Complications after Acute Anterior Myocardial Infarction Treated Successfully by Primary Angioplasty. Patrick Meimoun, Shirley Abouth, Jérome Clerc, Frederic Elmkies, Sonia Martis, Anne Luycx-Bore, Jacques Boulanger. JASE 2015; 28 (11):1366–1375
  • Detection of Significant Coronary Artery Disease by Noninvasive Anatomical and Functional Imaging. Danilo Neglia, Daniele Rovai, Chiara Caselli, Mikko Pietila, Anna Teresinska, Santiago Aguadé-Bruix, Maria Nazarena Pizzi, Giancarlo Todiere, Alessia Gimelli, Stephen Schroeder, Tanja Drosch, Rosa Poddighe, Giancarlo Casolo, Constantinos Anagnostopoulos, Francesca Pugliese, Francois Rouzet, Dominique Le Guludec, Francesco Cappelli, Serafina Valente, Gian Franco Gensini, Camilla Zawaideh, Selene Capitanio, Gianmario Sambuceti, Fabio Marsico, Pasquale Perrone Filardi, Covadonga Fernández-Golfín, Luis M Rincón, Frank P Graner, Michiel A. de Graaf, Michael Fiechter, Julia Stehli, Oliver Gaemperli, Eliana Reyes, Sandy Nkomo, Maija Mäki, Valentina Lorenzoni, Giuseppe Turchetti, Clara Carpeggiani, Martina Marinelli, Stefano Puzzuoli, Maurizio Mangione, Paolo Marcheschi, Fabio Mariani, Daniela Giannessi, Stephan Nekolla, Massimo Lombardi, Rosa Sicari, Arthur J.H.A. Scholte, José L. Zamorano, Philipp A. Kaufmann, S. Richard Underwood, and Juhani Knuuti , The EVINCI Study Investigators. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8:e002179
  • Detection of viable myocardium and scar tissue. Jeroen J. Bax, Victoria Delgado. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2015) 16 (10):  1062-1064
  • Myocardial Strain Analysis by 2-Dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Improves Diagnostics of Coronary Artery Stenosis in Stable Angina Pectoris. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;7:58-65
  • Prognostic Meaning of Coronary Microvascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Transthoracic Doppler Echocardiographic Study. Lauro Cortigiani, Fausto Rigo, Sonia Gherardi, Maurizio Galderisi, Francesco Bovenzi, Rosa Sicari. JASE 2014; 27 (7):742–748
  • Early systolic lengthening may identify minimal myocardial damage in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome. Wasim Zahid, Christian Hesbø Eek, Espen W. Remme, Helge Skulstad, Erik Fosse, Thor Edvardsen. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2014) 15 (10): 1152-1160

 Primary Cardiomyopathies

  • Role of multimodality cardiac imaging in the management of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an expert consensus of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging Endorsed by the Saudi Heart Association. Nuno Cardim, Maurizio Galderisi, Thor Edvardsen, Sven Plein, Bogdan A. Popescu, Antonello D'Andrea, Oliver Bruder, Bernard Cosyns, Laurent Davin, Erwan Donal, Antonio Freitas, Gilbert Habib, Anastasia Kitsiou, Steffen E. Petersen, Stephen Schroeder, Patrizio Lancellotti, , Paolo Camici, Raluca Dulgheru, Andreas Hagendorff, Massimo Lombardi, Denisa Muraru, Rosa Sicari. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2015) 16 (3):  280
  • The multi-modality cardiac imaging approach to the Athlete's heart: an expert consensus of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Maurizio Galderisi, Nuno Cardim, Antonello D'Andrea, Oliver Bruder, Bernard Cosyns, Laurent Davin, Erwan Donal, Thor Edvardsen, Antonio Freitas, Gilbert Habib, Anastasia Kitsiou, Sven Plein, Steffen E. Petersen, Bogdan A. Popescu, Stephen Schroeder, Christof Burgstahler, Patrizio Lancellotti, , Rosa Sicari, Denisa Muraru, Massimo Lombardi, Raluca Dulgheru, Andre La Gerche. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2015) 16 (4): 353.
  • EACVI/HFACardiacOncologyToxicityRegistry in breast cancer patients: rationale, study design, and methodology (EACVI/HFACOT Registry)—EURObservational Research Programof the European Society of Cardiology. Patrizio Lancellotti, Stefan D. Anker, Erwan Donal, Thor Edvardsen, Bogdan A. Popescu, Dimitrios Farmakis, Gerasimos Filippatos, Gilbert Habib,Aldo P. Maggioni, Guy Jerusalemand Maurizio Galderisi. European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Imaging (2015) 16, 466–470.
  • Expert consensus for multi-modality imaging evaluation of cardiovascular complications of radiotherapy in adults: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the American Society of Echocardiography. Patrizio Lancellotti, Vuyisile T. Nkomo, Luigi P. Badano, Jutta Bergler-Klein, Jan Bogaert, Laurent Davin, Bernard Cosyns, Philippe Coucke, Raluca Dulgheru, Thor Edvardsen, Oliver Gaemperli, Maurizio Galderisi, Brian Griffin, Paul A. Heidenreich, Koen Nieman, Juan C. Plana, Steven C. Port, Marielle Scherrer-Crosbie, Ronald G. Schwartz, Igal A. Sebag, Jens-Uwe Voigt, Samuel Wann, Phillip C. Yang. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2013) 14 (8): 721-74.
  • EACVI/EHRA Expert Consensus Document on the role of multi-modality imaging for the evaluation of patients with atrial fibrillation. Erwan Donal, Gregory Y H Lip, Maurizio Galderisi, Andreas Goette, Dipen Shah, Mohamed Marwan, Mathieu Lederlin, Sergio Mondillo, Thor Edvardsen, Marta Sitges, Julia Grapsa, Madalina Garbi, Roxy Senior, Alessia Gimelli, Tatjana S Potpara, Isabelle C Van Gelder, Bulent Gorenek, Philippe Mabo, Patrizio Lancellotti, Karl-Heinz Kuck, Bogdan A Popescu, Gerhard Hindricks, Gilbert Habib, Bernard Cosyns, Victoria Delgado, Kristina H. Haugaa, Denisa Muraru, Koen Nieman, Ariel Cohen . Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2016) 17 (4):  355-383.
  • Echocardiography in the Management of Patients with Left Ventricular Assist Devices: Recommendations from the American Society of Echocardiography. Raymond F. Stainback, Jerry D. Estep, Deborah A. Agler, Emma J. Birks, Merri Bremer, Judy Hung, James N. Kirkpatrick, Joseph G. Rogers, Nishant R. Shah. JASE 2015; 28 (8):853–909 .
  • Clinical Profile of Athletes With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Nabeel Sheikh, Michael Papadakis, Frédéric Schnell, Vasileios Panoulas, Aneil Malhotra, Mathew Wilson, François Carré, and Sanjay Sharma. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015;8:e003454
  • Right Ventricular Remodeling, Its Correlates, and Its Clinical Impact in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Monica Roşca, Andreea Călin, Carmen C. Beladan, Roxana Enache, Anca D. Mateescu, Maria-Magdalena Gurzun, Paula Varga, Cristian Băicuş, Ioan M. Coman, Ruxandra Jurcuţ, Carmen Ginghină, Bogdan A. Popescu. JASE 2015; 28 (11):1329–1338
  • Left Ventricular Involvement in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy Assessed by Echocardiography Predicts Adverse Clinical Outcome. Thomas P. Mast, Arco J. Teske, Jeroen F. vd Heijden, Judith A. Groeneweg, Anneline S.J.M. Te Riele, Birgitta K. Velthuis, Richard N.W. Hauer, Pieter A. Doevendans, Maarten J. Cramer. JASE 2015; 28 (9):1103–1113.e9
  • Advances in imaging for diagnosis and management of cardiac sarcoidosis. Niti R. Aggarwal, David Snipelisky, Phillip M. Young, Bernard J. Gersh, Leslie T. Cooper, Panithaya Chareonthaitawee.   Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2015) 16 (9):  949-958
  • The mosaic of the cardiac amyloidosis diagnosis: the role of imaging in subtypes and stages of the disease. Gianluca Di Bella, Fausto Pizzino, Fabio Minutoli, Concetta Zito, Rocco Donato, Giuseppe Dattilo, Giuseppe Oreto, Sergio Baldari, Giuseppe Vita, Bijoy K. Khandheria, Scipione Carerj. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2014) 15 (12): 1307-1315
  • Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: an integrated multi-imaging approach. Eduardo Bossone, Alexander Lyon, Rodolfo Citro, Anastasios Athanasiadis, Patrick Meimoun, Guido Parodi, Sèbastien Cimarelli, Elmir Omerovic, Francesco Ferrara, Giuseppe Limongelli, Antonio Cittadini, Jorge A. Salerno-Uriarte, Pasquale Perrone Filardi, Birke Schneider, Udo Sechtem, Raimund Erbel. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2014) 15 (4): 366-377.

Arterial Systemic hypertension

  • Recommendations on the use of echocardiography in adult hypertension: a report from the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) and the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE). Thomas H. Marwick, Thierry C. Gillebert, Gerard Aurigemma, Julio Chirinos, Genevieve Derumeaux, Maurizio Galderisi, John Gottdiener, BrianHaluska, Elizabeth Ofili, Patrick Segers, Roxy Senior, Robyn J. Tapp and Jose L. Zamorano. European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Imaging (2015) 16, 577–605
  • Multi-directional Global Left Ventricular Systolic Function in Normal Subjects and Patients with Hypertension: Multicenter Evaluation. Daniel A. Morris, Kyoko Otani, Tarek Bekfani, Kiyohiro Takigiku, Chisato Izumi, Satoshi Yuda, Konomi Sakata, Nobuyuki Ohte, Kazuaki Tanabe, Katharina Friedrich, York Kühnle, Satoshi Nakatani, Yutaka Otsuji, Wilhelm Haverkamp, Leif-Hendrik Boldt, Masaaki Takeuchi. JASE 2014; 27 (5):493–500
  • Correlates of global area strain in native hypertensive patients: a three-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography study. Maurizio Galderisi, Roberta Esposito, Vincenzo Schiano-Lomoriello, Alessandro Santoro, Renato Ippolito, Pierluigi Schiattarella, Pasquale Strazzullo, Giovanni de Simone. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2012) 13 (9): 730-738
  • Clinical application of noninvasive vascular ultrasound in cardiovascular risk stratification: a report from the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Vascular Medicine and Biology. Roman MJ, Naqvi TZ, Gardin JMm Gerhard-Herman M, Jaff M, Mohler E. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2006; 19:943-954.

Right heart and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

  • Guidelines for the Echocardiographic Assessment of the Right Heart in Adults: A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography Endorsed by the European Association of Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. Rudski GL, Lai WW, Afilalo J, Hua L, Handschumacher MD, Chandrasekaran K, et al. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2010; 23: 685-713.
  • 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension. Galiè N, Humbert M, Vachiery J-L, Gibbs S, Lang I, Torbicki A, Simonneau G, Peacock A, Vonk Noordegraaf A, Beghetti M, Ghofrani A, Gomez Sanchez MA, Hansmann G, Klepetko W, Lancellotti P, Matucci M, McDonagh T, Pierard LA, Trindade PT, Zompatori M, Hoeper M. Eur Heart J 2015.
  • ACCF/AHA 2009 Expert Consensus Document on Pulmonary HypertensionA Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents and the American Heart Association Developed in Collaboration With the American College of . McLaughlin V V, Archer SL, Badesch DB, Barst RJ, Farber HW, Lindner JR, Mathier MA, McGoon MD, Park MH, Rosenson RS, Rubin LJ, Tapson VF, Varga J. J Am Coll Cardiol 2009, 53:1573–1619.
  • Noninvasive imaging in the assessment of the cardiopulmonary vascular unit. Vonk Noordegraaf A, Haddad F, Bogaard HJ, Hassoun PM. Circulation. 2015 Mar 10;131(10):899-913.
  • Echocardiography in pulmonary arterial hypertension: from diagnosis to prognosis. Bossone E, D’Andrea A, D’Alto M, Citro R, Argiento P, Ferrara F, Cittadini A, Rubenfire M, Naeije R. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2013;26:1 – 14.
  • Echocardiographic assessment of right heart hemodynamic parameters. Lee KS, Abbas AE, Khandheria BK, Lester SJ. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2007 Jun;20(6):773-82.
  • Clinical correlates and reference intervals for pulmonary artery systolic pressure among echocardiographically normal subjects. McQuillan BM, Picard MH, Leavitt M, Weyman AE. Circulation. 2001;104:2797–802.
  • Right ventricle in pulmonary arterial hypertension: hemodynamics, structural changes, imaging, and proposal of a study protocol aimed to assess remodelling and treatment effects. Badano LP, Ginghina C, Easaw J, Muraru D, Grillo MT, Lancellotti P, et al. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2010;11:27–37.
  • The echocardiographic assessment of the right ventricle: what to do in 2010? Jurcut R, Giusca S, La Gerche A, Vasile S, Ginghina C, Voigt JU. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2010;11:81–96.4.
  • Echocardiography in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Forfia PR, Vachiéry JL. Am J Cardiol. 2012;110(6 Suppl):16S–24S.
  • Imaging the right ventricle—current state of the art. Mertens LL, Friedberg MK. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2010;7:551–63.
  • Echocardiographic indexes for the noninvasive evaluation of pulmonary hemodynamics. Milan A, Magnino C, Veglio F. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010;23:225–39.
  • Imaging the heart in pulmonary hypertension: an update. Grünig E, Peacock AJ. Eur Respir Rev. 2015 Dec;24(138):653-64.

Pericardial Disease

  • European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) position paper: multimodality imaging in pericardial disease. Bernard Cosyns, Sven Plein, Petros Nihoyanopoulos, Otto Smiseth, Stephan Achenbach, Maria Joao Andrade, Mauro Pepi, Arsen Ristic, Massimo Imazio, Bernard Paelinck, Patrizio Lancellotti  on behalf ofOn behalf of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) and European Society of Cardiology Working Group (ESC WG) on Myocardial and Pericardial diseases. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2015) 16 (1):  12-31
  • Congenital defects of the pericardium: a review. Ankit B. Shah, Itzhak Kronzon. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2015) 16 (8):  821-827
  • Echocardiographic Diagnosis of Constrictive Pericarditis: Mayo Clinic Criteria. Terrence D. Welch, Lieng H. Ling, Raul E. Espinosa, Nandan S. Anavekar, Heather J. Wiste, Brian D. Lahr, Hartzell V. Schaff, and Jae K. Oh. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014;7:526-534
  • American Society of Echocardiography Clinical Recommendations for Multimodality Cardiovascular Imaging of Patients with Pericardial Disease: Endorsed by the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. Allan L. Klein, Suhny Abbara, Deborah A. Agler, Christopher P. Appleton, Craig R. Asher, Brian Hoit, Judy Hung, Mario J. Garcia, Itzhak Kronzon, Jae K. Oh, E. Rene Rodriguez, Hartzell V. Schaff, Paul Schoenhagen, Carmela D. Tan, Richard D. White. JASE 2013; 26 (9):965–1012.e15
  • Imaging cardiac fat. Daniel Davidovich, Amalia Gastaldelli, Rosa Sicari . Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2013) 14 (7): 625-63

Congenital Heart Disease

  • ESC Guidelines for the management of grown-up congenital heart disease. Baumgartner H, Bonhoeffer P, De Groot NM, de Haan F, Deanfield JE, Galie N, et al. Eur Heart J 2010; 31: 2915–2957.
  • ACC/AHA 2008 guidelines for the management of adults with congenital heart disease: a report of the American College of Cardi- ology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Warnes CA, Williams RG, Bashore TM, Child JS, Connolly HM, Dearani JA, del Nido P, Fasules JW, Graham TP Jr, Hijazi ZM, Hunt SA, King ME, Landzberg MJ, Miner PD, Radford MJ, Walsh EP, Webb GD, Smith SC Jr, Jacobs AK, Adams CD, Anderson JL, Antman EM, Buller CE, Creager MA, Ettinger SM, Halperin JL, Hunt SA, Krumholz HM, Kushner FG, Lytle BW, Nishimura RA, Page RL, Riegel B, Tarkington LG, Yancy CW. J Am Coll Cardiol 2008;52:e143–e263.
  • Clinical stress testing in the paediatric age group: a statement from the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Committee on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in Youth. Paridon SM, Alpert BS, Boas SR, Cabrera ME, Caldarera LL, Daniels SR, Kimball TR, Knilans TK, Nixon PA, Rhodes J, Yetman AT; American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, Committee on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in Youth. Circulation 2006;113:1905–1920.
  • Echocardiographic evaluation in transposition of the great arteries in the adult. Thadani SR, Foster E. Echocardiography. 2015 Jan;32 Suppl 2:S157-65.
  • Echocardiographic assessment of Ebstein's anomaly. Booker OJ, Nanda NC. Echocardiography. 2015 Jan;32 Suppl 2:S177-88.
  • Echocardiography for patent ductus arteriosus including closure in adults. Chugh R, Salem MM. Echocardiography. 2015 Jan;32 Suppl 2:S125-39.
  • Three-dimensional echocardiography in the assessment of congenital mitral valve disease. Kutty S, Colen TM, Smallhorn JF. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2014 Feb;27(2):142-54.

Specific textbooks

  • Echocardiography in Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease: From Fetus to Adult by Wyman Lai, Luc Mertens, Meryl Cohen, and Tal Geva (2016), 2nd edition.
  • Echocardiography in Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Disease by Benjamin W. Eidem, Frank Cetta, and Patrick W. O'Leary (2014), 2nd edition.
  • Transesophageal Echocardiography for Congenital Heart Disease by Pierre C. Wong, Wanda C. Miller - Hance, and Norman H. Silverman (2014)
  • Echocardiography in Adult Congenital Heart Disease by Wei Li, Michael Henein, and Michael A. Gatzoulis (2007)

Cardiac masses and potential sources of emboli

  • Recommendations for echocardiography use in the diagnosis and management of cardiac sources of embolism European Association of Echocardiography (EAE) (a registered branch of the ESC). Pepi M, Evangelista A, Nihoyannopoulos P, Flachskampf FA, Athanassopoulos G, Colonna P, et al. Eur J Echocardiogr 2010; 11: 461–476.
  • Guidelines for the Use of Echocardiography in the Evaluation of a Cardiac Source of Embolism. Saric M, Armour AC, Arnaout MS, Chaudhry FA, Grimm RA, Kronzon I, Landeck BF,  Maganti K, Michelena HI, Tolstrup K. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2016 Jan;29(1):1-42.
  • Cardiac tumours: diagnosis and management. Bruce CJ. Heart. 2011 ;97(2):151-60.
  • The echocardiographic evaluation of intracardiac masses: a review. Peters PJ, Reinhardt S. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2006;19(2):230-40.
  • Real time three-dimensional echocardiography evaluation of intracardiac masses. Zaragoza-Macias E, Chen MA, Gill EA. Echocardiography. 2012 ;29(2):207-19.
  • The echocardiographic evaluation of intracardiac masses: a review. Peters PJ, Reinhardt S. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2006 Feb;19(2):230-40.

Diseases of the Aorta

  • Multimodality Imaging of Diseases of the Thoracic Aorta in Adults: From the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging: Endorsed by the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography and Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. Steven A. Goldstein, Arturo Evangelista, Suhny Abbara, Andrew Arai, Federico M. Asch, Luigi P. Badano, Michael A. Bolen, Heidi M. Connolly, Hug Cuéllar-Calàbria, Martin Czerny, Richard B. Devereux, Raimund A. Erbel, Rossella Fattori, Eric M. Isselbacher, Joseph M. Lindsay, Marti McCulloch, Hector I. Michelena, Christoph A. Nienaber, Jae K. Oh, Mauro Pepi, Allen J. Taylor, Jonathan W. Weinsaft, Jose Luis Zamorano, Contributing Editors, Harry Dietz, Kim Eagle, John Elefteriades, Guillaume Jondeau, Hervé Rousseau, Marc Schepens. JASE 2015; 28 (2):119–182
  • Ascending aorta diameters measured by echocardiography using both leading edge-to-leading edge and inner edge-to-inner edge conventions in healthy volunteers. Denisa Muraru, Francesco Maffessanti, Gonenc Kocabay, Diletta Peluso, Lucia Dal Bianco, Eleonora Piasentini, Seena Padayattil Jose, Sabino Iliceto, Luigi P. Badano. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2014) 15 (4): 415-422
  • The role of imaging in acute aortic syndromes. Christoph A. Nienaber. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2013) 14 (1): 15-23
  • Echocardiography in aortic diseases (update 2010): EAE Position papers. Arturo Evangelista*, Frank A. Flachskampf, Raimund Erbel, Francesco Antonini-Canterin, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Guido Rocchi, Rosa Sicari, Petros Nihoyannopoulos, Jose Zamorano. EJE (2010) 11, 645–658

Emergency echocardiography

  • The use of echocardiography in acute cardiovascular care: recommendations of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the Association for Acute Cardiovascular Care. Lancellotti P, Price S, Edvardsen T, Cosyns B, Neskovic AN, Dulgheru R, Flachskampf FA, -Hassager C, Pasquet A, Gargani L, Galderisi M, Cardim N, Haugaa KH, Ancion A, Zamorano JL, Donal E, Bueno H, Habib G. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2015 Feb;4(1):3-5
  • European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. Emergency echocardiography: the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging recommendations. Neskovic AN, Hagendorff A, Lancellotti P, Guarracino F, Varga A, Cosyns B, Flachskampf FA, Popescu BA, Gargani L, Zamorano JL, Badano LP. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2013 Jan;14(1):1-11.
  • Focus cardiac ultrasound: the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging viewpoint. Neskovic AN, Edvardsen T, Galderisi M, Garbi M, Gullace G, Jurcut R, Dalen H,  Hagendorff A, Lancellotti P; European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging Document Reviewers:, Popescu BA, Sicari R, Stefanidis A. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014 Sep;15(9):956-60.
  • The use of pocket-size imaging devices: a position statement of the European  Association of Echocardiography. Sicari R, Galderisi M, Voigt JU, Habib G, Zamorano JL, Lancellotti P, Badano LP. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2011 Feb;12(2):85-7.
  • International Liaison Committee on Focused Cardiac UltraSound (ILC-FoCUS); International Conference on  Focused Cardiac UltraSound (IC-FoCUS). International evidence-based recommendations for a focused cardiac ultrasound. Via G, Hussain A, Wells M, Reardon R, ElBarbary M, Noble VE, Tsung JW, Neskovic AN, Price S, Oren-Grinberg A, Liteplo A, Cordioli R, Naqvi N, Rola P, Poelaert J, Guliĉ TG, Sloth E, Labovitz A, Kimura B, Breitkreutz R, Masani N, Bowra J, Talmor D, Guarracino F, Goudie A, Xiaoting W, Chawla R, Galderisi M, Blaivas M, Petrovic T, Storti E, Neri L, Melniker L. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2014 Jul;27(7):683.e1-683.e33.
  • Focused cardiac ultrasound in the emergent setting:  a consensus statement of the American Society of Echocardiography and American College of Emergency Physicians. Labovitz AJ, Noble VE, Bierig M, Goldstein SA, Jones R, Kort S, Porter TR, Spencer KT, Tayal VS, Wei K. J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 2010 Dec;23(12):1225-30.  
  • Focused echocardiographic evaluation in life support and peri-resuscitation of emergency patients: a prospective trial. Breitkreutz R, Price S, Steiger HV, Seeger FH, Ilper H, Ackermann H, et al. Resuscitation 2010;81: 1527-33.

Specific textbooks

  • Aleksandar N. Neskovic, Frank A. Flachskampf, Michael H. Picard. Emergency Echocardiography, CRC Press. Second Edition

Intervention guiding echocardiography

  • The use of imaging in new transcatheter interventions: an EACVI review paper. Jose Zamorano, Alexandra Gonçalves, Patrizio Lancellotti, Kai A. Andersen, Ariana González-Gómez, Mark Monaghan, Eric Brochet, Nina Wunderlich, Sameer Gafoor, Linda D. Gillam, and Giovanni La Canna. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2016 17: 835-835af
  • Zamorano JL, Badano LP, Bruce C, Chan KL, Gonçalves A, Hahn RT, Keane MG, La Canna G, Monaghan MJ, Nihoyannopoulos P, Silvestry FE, Vanoverschelde JL, Gillam  LD, Vahanian A, Di Bello V, Buck T; European Association of Echocardiography (EAE): American Society of Echocardiography (ASE): The ASE Guidelines and Standards Committee and the ASE Board of Directors. EAE/ASE recommendations for the use of echocardiography in new transcatheter interventions for valvular heart disease. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2011 Aug;12(8):557-84.
  • Guidelines for the Use of Echocardiography as a Monitor for Therapeutic Intervention in Adults: A Report from the American Society of Echocardiography. Thomas R. Porter, Sasha K. Shillcutt, Mark S. Adams, Georges Desjardins, Kathryn E. Glas, Joan J. Olson, Richard W. Troughton. JASE 2015; 28 (1):40–56
  • Recommendations for comprehensive intraprocedural echocardiographic imaging during TAVR. Hahn RT, Little SH, Monaghan MJ, Kodali SK, Williams M, Leon MB, Gillam LD. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Mar;8(3):261-87.
  • Imaging to select and guide transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Zamorano JL, Gonçalves A, Lang R. Eur Heart J. 2014 Jun 21;35(24):1578-87.
  • The role of echocardiography in percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion. Chue CD, de Giovanni J, Steeds RP. Eur J Echocardiogr 2011; 12: i3-i10.
  • Reporting perioperative transesophageal echo studies: EAE Position papers. Feneck R, Kneeshaw J, Fox K, Bettex D, Erb J, Flaschkampf FA, et al. Eur J Echocardiogr 2010; 11: 387-393
  • 3D TEE during catheter-based interventions. Faletra FF, Pedrazzini G, Pasotti E, Muzzarelli S, Dequarti MC, Murzilli R, Schlossbauer SA, Slater IP, Moccetti T. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014 Mar;7(3):292-308.
  • Echocardiography: guidance during valve. Gonçalves A, Marcos-Alberca P, Zamorano JL. 
  • Cardiac imaging of congenital heart diseases during interventional procedures continues to evolve: Pros and cons of the main techniques. Hascoët S, Warin-Fresse K, Baruteau AE, Hadeed K, Karsenty C, Petit J, Guérin  P, Fraisse A, Acar P. Arch Cardiovasc Dis. 2016 Feb;109(2):128-42.
  • Peri-interventional echo assessment for the MitraClip procedure. Nina C. Wunderlich, Robert J. Siegel. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2013) 14 (10): 935-949
  • Monitoring of procedures: peri-interventional echo assessment for transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Lindsay A. Smith, Mark J. Monaghan. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging (2013) 14 (9): 840-850
  • Echo-Guided Mitral Repair Drake DH, Zimmerman KG, Hepner AM, Nichols CD. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014 Jan;7(1):132-41.

Specific textbooks

  • Real-time three-dimensional interventional echocardiography. F. F. Faletra, I. Kronzon, H-J. Nesser, N.G. Pandian and G. Springer. 2014

Quality Assessment in Echocardiography

  • Updated standards and processes for accreditation of echocardiographic laboratories from The European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging: an executive summary. Popescu BA, Stefanidis A, Nihoyannopoulos P, Fox KF, Ray S, Cardim N, Rigo F,  Badano LP, Fraser AG, Pinto F, Zamorano JL, Habib G, Maurer G, Lancellotti P. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014 Nov;15(11):1188-93.
  • Appropriateness criteria for cardiovascular imaging use in clinical practice: a position statement of the ESC/EACVI taskforce. Garbi M, Habib G, Plein S, Neglia D, Kitsiou A, Donal E, Pinto F, Bax J, Achenbach S, Popescu BA, Edvardsen T, Badano LP, Stefanidis A, Bucciarelli-Ducci  C, Derumeaux G, Luis Zamorano J, Lüscher TF, Maurer G, Lancellotti P. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2014 May;15(5):477-82.
  • European Association of Echocardiography Recommendations for standardization of performance, digital storage and reporting of echocardiographic studies. Evangelista A, Flachskampf FA, Lancellotti P, Badano LP, Aguilar R, Monaghan MJ, et al. Eur J Echocardiogr 2008; 9: 438-448
  • EAE laboratory standards and accreditation. P. Nihoyannopoulos, Kevin Fox, Alan Fraser, Fausto Pinto. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2007; 8: 80–87.
  • European Association of Echocardiography recommendations for training, competence, and quality improvement in echocardiography. Popescu BA, Andrade MJ, Badano LP, Fox KF, Flachskampf FA, Lancellotti P, et al. Eur J Echocardiogr 2009; 10 (8): 893-905.
  • Safety of Transesophageal Echocardiography. Hilberath J N, Oakes DA. Shernan SK,. Bulwer BE, D’Ambra MN, Eltzschig HK. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2010; 23: 1115-27.
  • Recommendations of the European Association of Echocardiography: how to use echo-Doppler in clinical trials: different modalities for different purposes. Galderisi M, Henein MY, D’hooge J et al. Eur J Echocardiogr. 2011;12(5):339-53.
  • The appropriate and justified use of medical radiation in  cardiovascular imaging: a position document of the ESC Associations of Cardiovascular Imaging, Percutaneous Cardiovascular Interventions and Electrophysiology. Picano E, Vañó E, Rehani MM, Cuocolo A, Mont L, Bodi V, Bar O, Maccia C, Pierard L, Sicari R, Plein S, Mahrholdt H, Lancellotti P, Knuuti J, Heidbuchel H, Di Mario C, Badano LP. Eur Heart J. 2014 Mar;35(10):665-72.

Authoritative textbooks

  • Zamorano J, Bax J, Knuuti J, Sechtem U, Lancellotti P, Badano L. The ESC Textbook of Cardiovascular Imaging. Oxford University Press, 2nd Edition 2015
  • Galiuto L, Badano L Fox K, Sicari R, Zamorano JL. The EAE Textbook of Echocardiography. Oxford University Press, London, 2011.
  • Feigenbaum's Echocardiography. 7th edition. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins;2009.
  • Otto C. Textbook of Clinical Echocardiography, 5th Ed. Elsevier, 2013.
  • Oh JK, Seward JB, Tajik AJ. The echo manual. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2006.
  • Petros Nihoyannopoulos, Joseph Kisslo. Echocardiography. Springer 2009
 
 
 
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