2025 Pocket Guidelines on Valvular Heart Disease

Publication Date: 2025
Chairperson: Fabien Praz and Michael A.Borger

Table of Content

• Introduction
• The Heart Team and Heart Valve Centre
• Imaging of patients with valvular heart disease
• Clinical evaluation of patients with valvular heart disease
• Management of conditions associated with valvular heart disease
  • Diagnosis and management of coronary artery disease
  • Atrial fibrillation
• Aortic regurgitation
  • Evaluation
  • Indications for intervention
• Aortic stenosis
  • Evaluation
  • Indication for intervention
  • Treatment options
• Mitral regurgitation
  • Primary mitral regurgitation
  • Secondary mitral regurgitation
• Mitral stenosis
  • Rheumatic mitral stenosis
  • Degenerative mitral stenosis with mitral annular calcification
• Tricuspid regurgitation
  • Evaluation
  • Indications for intervention
• Tricuspid stenosis
• Multiple and mixed valvular heart disease
  • Evaluation
  • Indications for intervention
• Management of patients with prosthetic valves or valve repair
  • Choice of prosthetic valve
  • Antithrombotic therapy in patients with treated valvular heart disease
  • Management of prosthetic valve dysfunction and complications
• Management during non-cardiac surgery
• Management of valvular heart disease during pregnancy