The case
Description
- A 17-year-old Caucasian swimmer was referred for specialist investigation after an abnormal ECG on routine pre-participation cardiovascular screening.
- He had been participating in competitive exercise since the age of 11 years.
- His current regime consisted of swimming for 4 hours 5-6 days per week.
- He did not report any sinister cardiac symptoms. He denied recreational or performance enhancing drug use.
- There was no family history of premature sudden cardiac death or cardiomyopathy.
- Clinical examination was unremarkable.
His 12-lead ECG is presented below.
Test your knowledge
Interested in learning more?
Access the ESC e-learning platform and discover the EAPC Sports Cardiology online courses.
Not yet an EAPC member?
JOIN NOW
Note: The views and opinions expressed on this page are those of the author and may not be accepted by others. While every attempt is made to keep the information up to date, there is always going to be a lag in updating information. The reader is encouraged to read this in conjunction with appropriate ESC Guidelines. The material on this page is for educational purposes and is not for use as a definitive management strategy in the care of patients. Quiz material in the site are only examples and do not guarantee outcomes from formal examinations.
References
- [*1] Outcomes in athletes with marked ECG repolarization abnormalities.
Pelliccia A, Di Paolo FM, Quattrini FM, Basso C, Culasso F, Popoli G, De Luca R, Spataro A, Biffi A, Thiene G, Maron BJ.
N Engl J Med. 2008;358:152–161.
- [*2] The prevalence, distribution, and clinical outcomes of electrocardiographic repolarization patterns in male athletes of African/Afro-Caribbean origin.
Papadakis M, Carrè F, Kervio G, Rawlins J, Panoulas VF, Chandra N, Basavarajaiah S, Carby L, Fonseca T, Sharma S. Eur Heart J. 2011;32:2304–2313.
- [*3] Prevalence and significance of T-wave inversions in predominantly Caucasian adolescent athletes.
Papadakis M, Basavarajaiah S, Rawlins J, Edwards C, Makan J, Firoozi S, Carby L, Sharma S.
Eur Heart J. 2009;30:1728–1735.
- [*4] Cardiac adaptation to exercise in adolescent athletes of African ethnicity: an emergent elite athletic population.
Sheikh N, Papadakis M, Carrè F, Kervio G, Panoulas VF, Ghani S, Zaidi A, Gati S, Rawlins J, Wilson MG, Sharma S.
Br J Sports Med. 2013.
- [*5] Recommendations for competitive sports participation in athletes with cardiovascular disease: A consensus document from the Study Group of Sports Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology and the Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology.
Pelliccia A, Fagard R, Bjørnstad HH, Anastassakis A, Arbustini E, Assanelli D, Biffi A, Borjesson M, Carrè F, Corrado D, Delise P, Dorwarth U, Hirth A, Heidbuchel H, Hoffmann E, Mellwig KP, Panhuyzen-Goedkoop N, Pisani A, Solberg EE, van-Buuren F, Vanhees L, Blomstrom-Lundqvist C, Deligiannis A, Dugmore D, Glikson M, Hoff PI, Hoffmann A, Hoffmann E, Horstkotte D, Nordrehaug JE, Oudhof J, McKenna WJ, Penco M, Priori S, Reybrouck T, Senden J, Spataro A, Thiene G, Study Group of Sports Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology, Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:1422–1445.
Notes to editor
Dr. Silvia Castelletti, Cardiomyopathy Fellow, The Heart Hospital, London, UK
Dr. Giovanni Quarta, PhD, Consultant Cardiologist, AO Papa Giovanni XXIII, Bergamo, Italy
Dr. Michael Papadakis, Lecturer in cardiology, St George’s University of London, UK
|
|
Our mission: To reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease.