Pocket Guidelines on CVD and Diabetes

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Table of Contents

1. Introduction

1.1. Revised concepts

1.2. Central figure

2. Diagnosis of diabetes

2.1. Screening for diabetes

3. Cardiovascular risk assessment in patients with type 2 diabetes

3.1. Assessing cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes

3.1.1. SCORE2-Diabetes: estimating 10-year cardiovascular disease risk

4. Cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with diabetes: targets and treatments

4.1. Lifestyle and diabetes

4.2. Glycaemic targets

4.3. ASCVD risk reduction by glucose-lowering medications in diabetes

4.4. Blood pressure and diabetes

4.5. Lipids and diabetes

4.6. Antithrombotic therapy and diabetes

4.7. Multifactorial approach to risk factor management in diabetes

5. Management of coronary artery disease and diabetes

5.1. Chronic coronary syndromes and diabetes

5.1.1. Revascularization

5.2. Acute coronary syndromes and diabetes

6. Heart failure and diabetes

6.1. Definition and pathophysiology

6.2. Epidemiology and prognosis

6.3. Screening and diagnosis

6.4. Treatment of heart failure in patients with diabetes

6.4.1. Treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

6.4.2. Treatment of heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction

6.4.3. Treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

6.5. Safety profile of glucose-lowering agents in patients with heart failure and diabetes

7. Arrhythmias: atrial fibrillation, ventricular arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death and diabetes

7.1. Atrial fibrillation and diabetes

7.2. Ventricular arrhythmias and risk of sudden cardiac death and diabetes

8. Chronic kidney disease and diabetes

8.1. Chronic kidney disease definitions, staging, and screening

8.2. Management of cardiovascular disease risk and kidney failure in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus

8.2.1. Statin-based therapy

8.2.2. ACE-I or ARBs

8.2.3. SGLT2 inhibitors

8.2.4. Non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists

8.3. Blood pressure and glycaemic control in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease

8.4. Roles for antithrombotic therapy and invasive strategies in managing ASCVD in patients with diabetes and CKD

9. Aortic and peripheral arterial diseases and diabetes

9.1. The impact of diabetes on peripheral atherosclerosis

9.2. Diabetes and aortic aneurysm

10. Type 1 diabetes and cardiovascular disease

10.1. Cardiovascular risk assessment in type 1 diabetes

10.2. Managing cardiovascular risk in type 1 diabetes

10.3. Glucose-lowering agents beyond insulin in type 1 diabetes

10.4. Renal protection in type 1 diabetes

11. Person-centred care.

12. Practical guidance

13. Sex differences