Preamble
Introduction
The normal and the ageing aorta
Assessment of the aorta
- Clinical examination
- Laboratory testing
- Imaging
- Chest X-ray
- Ultrasound
- Computed tomography
- Positron emission tomography/computed tomography
- Magnetic resonance imaging
- Aortography
- Intravascular ultrasound
- Assessment of aortic stiffness
Treatment options
- Principles of medical therapy
- Endovascular therapy
- Thoracic endovascular aortic repair
- Abdominal endovascular aortic repair
Surgery
- Ascending aorta
- Aortic arch
- Thoracoabdominal aorta
- Abdominal aorta
Acute thoracic aortic syndromes
- Definition
- Pathology and classification
- Acute aortic dissection
- Definition and classification
- Epidemiology
- Clinical presentation and complications
- Laboratory testing
- Diagnostic imaging in acute aortic dissection
- Diagnostic work-up
- Treatment
- Intramural haematoma
- Definition
- Diagnosis
- Natural history, morphological changes, and complications
- Indications for surgery and thoracic endovascular aortic repair
- Penetrating aortic ulcer
- Definition
- Diagnostic imaging
- Management
- Interventional therapy
- Aortic pseudoaneurysm
- (Contained) rupture of aortic aneurysm
- Contained rupture of thoracic aortic aneurysm
- Traumatic aortic injury
- Definition, epidemiology and classification
- Patient presentation and diagnosis
- Indications for treatment in traumatic aortic injury
- Medical therapy in traumatic aortic injury
- Surgery in traumatic aortic injury
- Endovascular therapy in traumatic aortic injury
- Long-term surveillance in traumatic aortic injury
- Iatrogenic aortic dissection
Aortic aneurysms
- Thoracic aortic aneurysms
- Abdominal aortic aneurysm
- Definition
- Risk factors
- Natural history
- Diagnosis
- Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
- Long-term prognosis and follow-up of aortic aneurysm repair
Genetic diseases affecting the aorta
- Chromosomal and inherited syndromic thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissection
- Aortic diseases associated with bicuspid aortic valve
- Coarctation of the aorta
Atherosclerotic lesions of the aorta
- Thromboembolic aortic disease
- Mobile aortic thrombosis
- Atherosclerotic aortic occlusion
- Calcified aorta
- Coral reef aorta
Aortitis
- Definition, types, and diagnosis
- Treatment
Aortic tumours
- Primary malignant tumours of the aorta
Long-term follow-up of aortic diseases
- Chronic aortic dissection
- Follow-up after thoracic aortic intervention
- Follow-up of patients after intervention for abdominal aortic aneurysm
Gaps in evidence
Appendix
Web addenda – All web figures and web tables are available in the online addenda
References