Pre-diabetes and progression towards diabetes

by Rimke Vos and Huberta Hart

10 Dec 2020

Topic(s):

Diabetes and the Heart

Risk Factors and Prevention

The case

A 54-year-old caucasian man
Manager
BMI 29 kg/m2
Health check offered by his employer
Result: 2h OGTT 10.3 mmol/ L

He was referred to his general practitioner for further follow up.

Test your knowledge

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References

Question 1:

Faerch K, Vistisen D, Johansen NB, et al. Cardiovascular risk stratification and management in pre-diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 2014; 14: 493.
Barry E, Roberts S, Oke J, et al. Efficacy and effectiveness of screen and treat policies in prevention of type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of screening tests and interventions. BMJ 2017; 356: i6538.

Question 2:

Yudkin JS and Montori VM. The epidemic of prediabetes: the medicine and the politics. BMJ 2014; 349: g4485.
DeJesus RS, Breitkopf CR, Rutten LJ, et al. Incidence rate of prediabetes progression to diabetes: modeling an optimum target group for intervention. Popul Health Manag 2017; 20: 216–223.

Ligthart S, van Herpt TT, Leening MJ, et al. Lifetime risk of developing impaired glucose metabolism and eventual progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2016; 4: 44–51.

Morris DH, Khunti K, Achana F, et al. Progression rates from HbA1c 6.0–6.4% and other prediabetes definitions to type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Diabetologia 2013; 56: 1489–1493.

Bertram MY and Vos T. Quantifying the duration of prediabetes. Aust N Z J Public Health 2010; 34: 311–314.
Du T, Fernandez C, Barshop R, et al. Sex differences in cardiovascular risk profile from childhood to midlife between individuals who did and did not develop diabetes at follow-up: The Bogalusa Heart Study. Diabetes Care 2019; 42: 635–643.

Question 3:

Barry E, Roberts S, Oke J, et al. Efficacy and effectiveness of screen and treat policies in prevention of type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of screening tests and interventions. BMJ 2017; 356: i6538.
Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 393–403.

Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Mary S, et al. The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1). Diabetologia 2006; 49: 289–297.

Saito T, Watanabe M, Nishida J, et al. Lifestyle modification and prevention of type 2 diabetes in overweight Japanese with impaired fasting glucose levels: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Intern Med 2011; 171: 1352–1360.

Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG, et al. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med 2001; 344: 1343–1350.

Aroda VR, Knowler WC, Crandall JP, et al. Metformin for diabetes prevention: insights gained from the Diabetes Prevention Program/Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study. Diabetologia 2017; 60: 1601–1611.

Notes to editor

Author information:

Vos, Rimke C, PhD, Leiden University Medical Centre – Campus The Hague, The Hague
Hart, Huberta E. MD, PhD, Utrecht University Medical Centre & Leidsche Rijn Julius Health Centers, Utrecht